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The antiviral activities of TRIM proteins
Lennart Koepke1, Michaela U Gack2, Konstantin Mj Sparrer1
1Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
Abstract:
Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are a highly versatile family of host-cell factors that play an integral role in the mammalian defense against pathogens. TRIM proteins regulate either transcription-dependent antiviral responses such as pro-inflammatory cytokine induction, or they modulate other important cell-intrinsic defense pathways like autophagy. Additionally, TRIM proteins exert direct antiviral activity whereby they antagonize specific viral components through diverse mechanisms. Here, we summarize the latest discoveries on the molecular mechanisms of antiviral TRIM proteins and also discuss current and future trends in this fast-evolving field.
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