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Microplastics in sediments from Amazon rivers, Brazil.

Cristiano Rezende Gerolin1, Fabiano Nascimento Pupim2, André Oliveira Sawakuchi3

  • 1Laboratory of Integrated Sciences (LabInSciences), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), Diadema, SP CEP 09972-270, Brazil.

The Science of the Total Environment
|August 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microplastic pollution is widespread in the Amazon, Solimões, and Negro rivers near Manaus. Sediment analysis revealed high concentrations, particularly in shallower areas with slower water flow.

Keywords:
AmazonMicroplastics pollutionRiver sediment

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Ecotoxicology
  • Riverine Ecology

Background:

  • Microplastic contamination is a growing global concern, impacting aquatic ecosystems.
  • The Amazon basin, a vital and biodiverse region, faces increasing anthropogenic pressures.
  • Limited data exists on microplastic distribution within major Amazonian rivers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify microplastic concentrations in river sediments.
  • To investigate the distribution patterns of microplastics in relation to river characteristics.
  • To assess microplastic presence in the Solimões, Negro, and Amazon rivers near Manaus.

Main Methods:

  • Sediment samples were collected from seven sites across the Solimões, Negro, and Amazon rivers.
  • Microplastic concentrations were analyzed using size fractionation (0.063-5 mm and 0.063-1 mm).
  • Hydraulic characteristics (water depth, velocity) and proximity to urban areas were considered.

Main Results:

  • Microplastic concentrations varied significantly, ranging from 417 to 8178 particles/kg (0.063-5 mm).
  • Highest concentrations were found in shallow, slow-moving waters of the Negro River near Manaus.
  • Lowest concentrations were observed in a deep zone of the Amazon River, far downstream from Manaus.

Conclusions:

  • Microplastics are ubiquitously present and widely distributed in the studied Amazonian river sediments.
  • River hydraulics and proximity to urban centers influence microplastic accumulation.
  • This study provides crucial baseline data on microplastic pollution in the Amazon basin.