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Technologies Enabling Situational Awareness During Disaster Response: A Systematic Review
Tara Kedia1, Jeremy Ratcliff2, Megan O'Connor1
1Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland.
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
|August 25, 2020
Summary
Improving disaster response requires enhancing situational awareness (SA). This review identifies technologies to boost SA and decision-making for agencies, addressing communication and data challenges.
Area of Science:
- Disaster Management
- Information Science
- Technology Application
Background:
- Situational awareness (SA) is crucial for effective disaster response.
- Response agencies face time and resource constraints in dynamic situations.
- Actionable information sharing is vital for decision-making.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify technologies that can improve SA during disaster response.
- To assist decision-making for US Government and supported agencies.
- To bridge the gap between R&D and operational needs.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of 1459 articles and 36 after-action reports.
- Inclusion/exclusion criteria applied to refine the dataset.
- Analysis of identified literature to pinpoint technological solutions.
Main Results:
- SA is hindered by unreliable/delayed communications.
- Time-intensive data analysis and visualization pose challenges.
- Lack of interoperable sensor networks and shared platforms limits SA.
Conclusions:
- Existing technologies can address many SA constraints.
- Prioritizing the integration of R&D with operational needs is essential.
- Enhanced SA through technology improves disaster response efficiency.
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