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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Milgram's Obedience to Authority02:20

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Obedience to authority is classically demonstrated in a more famous series of social psychology experiments performed by Stanley Milgram. He was a social psychology professor at Yale who was influenced by the trial of Adolf Eichmann, a Nazi war criminal. Eichmann’s defense for the atrocities he committed was that he was “just following orders.”
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Obedience01:08

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According to obedience research, we may harm others under the forceful pressures of an authority figure (Milgram, 1974). How about if the inappropriate orders were delivered with less force? The increasing interdependence between nurses and physicians compelled Hofling and his colleagues to explore nurses’ reactions to a potentially harmful medical request made by the perceived authority figure, the doctor (Hofling, Brotzman, Dalrymple, Graves, & Pierce, 1966). In this situation,...
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Role-Based Identity01:21

Role-Based Identity

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Role-based identities are central to understanding how individuals navigate social environments by adopting distinct self-conceptions aligned with various societal roles. These identities are not fixed traits but are constructed through personal actions and the social feedback individuals receive in context-specific interactions. Each social role, such as student, teacher, or friend, carries a set of expectations and norms that influence how people think, feel, and behave within that...
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Robbers Cave04:49

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The famous and controversial Stanford Prison Experiment, conducted by social psychologist Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues at Stanford University, demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and scripts.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
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Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory

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The Army Paradox: Leader and Follower Education.

Ted Thomas1, Paul Berg2

  • 1Missionary.

New Directions for Student Leadership
|August 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The US Army trains officers in moral courage and effective followership using case studies. This research analyzes followership education in Army schools and doctrine, contrasting hierarchy with follower empowerment.

Area of Science:

  • Military leadership studies
  • Organizational psychology
  • Ethics in command

Background:

  • The US Army utilizes case studies to instill moral courage and effective followership.
  • Understanding followership is crucial for military unit effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine followership training and education across various levels within the US Army.
  • To contrast hierarchical military structures with the necessity of empowering followers.
  • To provide actionable recommendations for enhancing followership development.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of professional military education curricula.
  • Review of US Army doctrine on leadership and followership.
  • Comparative study of hierarchical structures versus follower empowerment.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Using Practice Testing, Public Speaking, and Source Monitoring to Examine the Influences of Learning Strategies and Stress on Episodic Memory
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Setup and Execution Of the Blindfolded Code Training Exercise
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Main Results:

  • Followership is integrated into military education and doctrine.
  • Tension exists between traditional military hierarchy and the need for empowered followership.
  • Current methods can be improved to better develop effective followers.

Conclusions:

  • Effective followership is a key component of military readiness.
  • Military organizations must balance hierarchy with trust and empowerment.
  • Recommendations are provided for optimizing followership development within the US Army.