Stochastic scattering model of anomalous diffusion in arrays of steady vortices

We investigate the occurrence of anomalous transport phenomena associated with tracer particles propagating through arrays of steady vortices. The mechanism responsible for the occurrence of anomalous transport is identified in the particle dynamic, which is characterized by long collision-less trajectories (Lévy flights) interrupted by chaotic interactions with vortices. The process is studied via stochastic molecular models that are able to capture the underlying non-local nature of the transport mechanism. These models, however, are not well suited for problems where computational efficiency is an enabling factor. We show that fractional-order continuum models provide an excellent alternative that is able to capture the non-local nature of anomalous transport processes in turbulent environments. The equivalence between stochastic molecular and fractional continuum models is demonstrated both theoretically and numerically. In particular, the onset and the temporal evolution of heavy-tailed diffused fields are shown to be accurately captured, from a macroscopic perspective, by a fractional diffusion equation. The resulting anomalous transport mechanism, for the selected ranges of density of the vortices, shows a superdiffusive nature.