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Body:Bioavailability is a critical pharmacological concept that measures the extent and rate at which an active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety enters the systemic circulation, remaining unchanged. It's a pivotal factor in determining a drug's efficacy and safety.The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) plays an essential role in drug development by categorizing drugs into four classes based on their solubility and permeability. This classification aids in understanding drug...
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[Optimizing nutritional supplementation in sports].

Maaike Kruseman1, Vincent Gremeaux2

  • 1PhD sciences de la vie, MAS santé publique, BSc nutrition et diététique, Chargée de cours à l'Institut des sciences du sport, Université de Lausanne Professeure HES associée, Filière nutrition diététique, Haute école de santé Genève, HES-SO Haute école spécialisée de Suisse occidentale.

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Athletes often use nutritional supplements, but evidence shows few actually improve health or performance. This article guides identifying when supplementation is needed and choosing the right product.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Nutrition
  • Human Performance
  • Dietary Supplements

Background:

  • Widespread use of nutritional supplements by athletes across all levels.
  • Limited scientific evidence supporting the efficacy of most supplements for health or performance enhancement.
  • Need for evidence-based guidance on supplement use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the impact of nutritional supplements in sports.
  • To provide a framework for identifying specific situations warranting supplementation.
  • To guide athletes and practitioners in selecting appropriate supplements.

Main Methods:

  • Review of systematic reviews and scientific guidelines on sports supplements.
  • Analysis of evidence for the efficacy of common athletic supplements.
  • Discussion of challenges in researching supplement effects.

Main Results:

  • A small number of supplements demonstrate a positive effect on health or performance.
  • Supplement efficacy is highly context-dependent and situation-specific.
  • Challenges exist in establishing clear cause-and-effect relationships.

Conclusions:

  • Supplementation should be reserved for specific, evidence-supported situations.
  • Informed selection of supplements requires understanding individual needs and product evidence.
  • Further research is needed to overcome methodological challenges in the field.