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Related Experiment Videos

Screening and evaluation of anticancer agents.

R K Zee-Cheng1, C C Cheng

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City.

Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology
|February 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Developing anticancer agents is challenging, requiring careful selection of screening models and criteria to avoid false positives or missing effective compounds. Human tumor xenografts, cloning assays, and chemosensitivity tests are key preclinical tools for identifying promising cancer drugs.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Drug Development

Background:

  • Developing effective anticancer agents presents significant challenges, particularly in selecting appropriate screening models and activity criteria.
  • Inappropriate criteria can lead to false-positive results or the omission of potentially effective compounds for human cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current methodologies and challenges in the screening and evaluation of anticancer agents.
  • To highlight the importance of preclinical models and clinical trial phases in drug development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing transplanted mouse tumors, human tumor xenografts in athymic nude animals, and in vitro systems for prescreening and screening.
  • Employing human tumor cloning assays and chemosensitivity tests for predicting patient responses and identifying drug resistance.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Conducting preclinical toxicology and pharmacology studies before Investigational New Drug (IND) application.

    • Main Results:

    • Human tumor xenografts and cloning assays offer valuable insights into human malignant disease characteristics and drug efficacy.
    • Chemosensitivity tests are reliable for predicting patient responses and identifying drug-resistant tumors.
    • Over the past 15 years, 83 antineoplastic drugs were evaluated, with 24 showing activity; 11 had novel structures, and 13 were analogues.

    Conclusions:

    • Human tumor xenografts, cloning assays, and chemosensitivity tests have significantly advanced anticancer drug screening.
    • Rigorous preclinical and clinical evaluations, including toxicology and multi-phase trials, are essential for drug approval.
    • The drug development timeline has increased, reflecting stricter regulatory requirements for anticancer agents.