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Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
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Preterm Babies: Management and Challenges Associated with Survival in a Resource-Limited Setting.

M Bello1, S Pius1, B A Ibrahim1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri,Nigeria.

West African Journal of Medicine
|August 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Improved survival rates for preterm infants, particularly those with very low birth weights, present new management challenges. Limited access to incubator care and essential treatments like caffeine and surfactant impacts outcomes for these vulnerable newborns.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Critical Care
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Preterm birth poses significant challenges due to high mortality and long-term disabilities.
  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a prevalent disability among preterm survivors.
  • Rising disability rates necessitate improved management strategies for preterm infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the survival and management challenges of preterm infants at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital.
  • To identify factors influencing the outcomes of preterm babies in a resource-limited setting.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 714 preterm infant case notes from the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU).
  • Data collected included birth weight, in-born vs. out-born status, and duration of medical interventions.
  • Statistical analysis to determine associations between interventions and survival outcomes.

Main Results:

  • A retrieval rate of 63% for case notes was achieved.
  • The majority of preterm infants (64.1%) were out-born.
  • While oxygen therapy and phototherapy showed no survival association, incubator care duration was significantly linked to improved outcomes (p=0.005).

Conclusions:

  • Preterm infant survival has improved, with 32.70% of the studied population surviving.
  • Improved survival, especially for extreme and very low birth weight infants, highlights challenges in accessing critical care.
  • Limited availability of incubator care, caffeine, and surfactant may influence the outcomes of these high-risk preterm infants.