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Ocular Toxocariasis: Beyond Typical Patterns through the New Imaging Technologies.

I Hernanz1, A Moll-Udina1,2, Belles V Llorenç1,2

  • 1Clínic Hospital of Barcelona, Clínic Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
|August 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Ultrawide-field imaging aids in diagnosing ocular toxocariasis (OT), a parasitic eye infection. This technology improves the detection and management of retinal lesions caused by Toxocara larvae.

Keywords:
Uveitisadvantagesocular toxocariasistoxocarawide field

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Ocular toxocariasis (OT) is an underdiagnosed parasitic eye infection caused by Toxocara larvae.
  • Typical clinical signs include peripheral granulomas or endophthalmitis, often leading to delayed diagnosis.

Observation:

  • This study retrospectively analyzed 10 outpatients with suspected OT, focusing on five confirmed cases.
  • Ultrawide-field (UWF) retinal imaging, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) were utilized.
  • UWF imaging and FAF demonstrated efficacy in detecting retinal lesions in a single, rapid capture.

Findings:

  • Two patients presented with positive serology for Toxocara.
  • One patient's imaging suggested the presence of a Toxocara larva within the vitreous cavity.
  • Treatment with antihelmintics and steroids was initiated for two patients.

Implications:

  • UWF imaging and SDOCT offer a more efficient diagnostic and follow-up approach for ocular toxocariasis.
  • These advanced imaging modalities have the potential to elevate the standard of care for OT patients.