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Negri bodies and other virus membrane-less replication compartments
Quentin Nevers1, Aurélie A Albertini1, Cécile Lagaudrière-Gesbert1
1Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Cell Research
|August 25, 2020
Summary
Viruses create membrane-less compartments for replication, acting as liquid organelles. These viral factories, like Negri bodies, are key to understanding virus infection and host cell interactions.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Virology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Viruses reorganize cellular structures for replication and assembly within specialized sites called viral factories.
- Viral factories can be membrane-bound or membrane-less, with the latter termed membrane-less replication compartments.
- Negri bodies, characteristic of rabies virus, are prominent examples of membrane-less viral replication compartments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review membrane-less virus replication compartments, focusing on the Mononegavirales order.
- To discuss the interactions between these compartments, host cell machinery, and the cytoskeleton.
- To examine the interplay between viral factories and the host innate immune response.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of viral replication strategies.
- Analysis of the biophysical properties of viral factories, particularly liquid-liquid phase separation.
- Examination of host-pathogen interactions at the molecular and cellular levels.
Main Results:
- Viral replication compartments, including Negri bodies, can form via liquid-liquid phase separation, functioning as liquid organelles.
- These membrane-less compartments concentrate viral and cellular components for efficient replication.
- Components of the innate immune system also form membrane-less condensates within infected cells.
Conclusions:
- Membrane-less viral replication compartments represent a paradigm shift in understanding virus-host interactions.
- The formation of these compartments through phase separation influences viral replication and host cell responses.
- Understanding these structures is crucial for developing antiviral strategies targeting viral factories and host immune evasion mechanisms.
Keywords:
Innate immunityInterferonLiquid organelleMembrane-less compartmentViral factoryViral replicationMore Related Videos
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