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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

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Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
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Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

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Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
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Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

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While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
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Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
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Nociception01:44

Nociception

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Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Establishing a Mouse Model of a Pure Small Fiber Neuropathy with the Ultrapotent Agonist of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1
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Acute and chronic neuropathies.

Lionel Ginsberg1

  • 1is a Professor of Clinical Neurology at University College London and Consultant Neurologist at the Royal Free and University College Hospitals, London, UK. Competing interests: none declared.

Medicine (Abingdon, England : UK Ed.)
|August 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Peripheral nerve disorders, often polyneuropathies, require recognizing deviations from typical presentations for diagnosis. Prompt identification enables effective treatment for inflammatory causes and management for others.

Keywords:
Carpal tunnel syndromeCharcot–Marie–Tooth diseaseGuillain–Barré syndromechronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathydiabetes mellitusmononeuropathymultifocal motor neuropathynerve biopsypolyneuropathyvasculitis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Neuroscience

Background:

  • Peripheral nerve disorders are prevalent and frequently manageable.
  • The typical presentation is a chronic, length-dependent, sensorimotor axonopathy (polyneuropathy).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the importance of identifying atypical presentations of peripheral nerve disorders.
  • To guide diagnosis and treatment strategies for various neuropathies.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical feature analysis
  • Diagnostic investigation review
  • Treatment outcome assessment

Main Results:

  • Recognizing deviations from the 'default' polyneuropathy presentation aids in identifying the underlying cause.
  • Effective immunomodulatory treatments exist for inflammatory neuropathies like Guillain-Barré syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.
  • Management for other neuropathies involves supportive care and addressing the root cause to limit progression.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis based on clinical presentation and investigations is crucial for effective peripheral nerve disorder management.
  • Timely intervention, particularly for inflammatory neuropathies, can significantly improve patient outcomes.
  • A systematic approach to diagnosis and management is essential for diverse peripheral nerve disorders.