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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

209
A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
209
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

197
Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
197
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

103
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
103
Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

767
Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
767

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Porcine Liver Transplantation Without Veno-Venous Bypass As an Extended Criteria Donor Model
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Selection for Liver Transplantation: Indications and Evaluation.

Nadim Mahmud1

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA.

Current Hepatology Reports
|August 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Liver transplantation offers life-saving treatment for acute liver failure and end-stage liver disease. Healthcare providers must understand transplant indications and referral criteria for optimal patient selection.

Keywords:
Acute liver failureCholangiocarcinomaCirrhosisHepatocellular carcinomaLiver transplantationModel for end-stage liver disease (MELD)

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Transplant Surgery
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Liver transplantation is a vital therapy for severe liver conditions, including acute liver failure, chronic liver disease, liver cancer, and metabolic disorders.
  • A significant challenge in liver transplantation is the imbalance between organ availability and patient demand.
  • Ongoing advancements aim to improve outcomes, expand donor pools, refine surgical methods, and broaden transplant eligibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review general indications and contraindications for liver transplantation.
  • To provide an overview of the liver transplant evaluation process.
  • To discuss evolving patient selection criteria based on advancements in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current practices and guidelines in liver transplantation.
  • Analysis of patient selection criteria, including age, comorbidities, and body mass index.
  • Examination of factors influencing transplant outcomes and graft survival.

Main Results:

  • Certain patients with unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma are potential liver transplant candidates.
  • Individuals over 65 may be eligible for transplantation if they have a favorable comorbidity profile.
  • Extreme body mass index values (≥40 or <18.5) are associated with higher post-transplant mortality, necessitating nutritional assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Liver transplantation can be a life-saving intervention for patients with acute liver failure or end-stage liver disease.
  • Familiarity with general indications for liver transplantation is crucial for healthcare providers managing liver disease patients.
  • Appropriate referral for transplant evaluation is critical for timely and effective patient management.