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The association of race and COVID-19 mortality

Ladan Golestaneh1, Joel Neugarten1, Molly Fisher1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Renal Division, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States.

Eclinicalmedicine
|August 25, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Black individuals experienced significantly higher COVID-19 mortality compared to White individuals. This increased risk was not fully explained by factors like age, comorbidities, or sociodemographic disparities.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • COVID-19 has disproportionately impacted the Black population in the United States.
  • Understanding the specific risks and contributing factors for this disparity is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between race and COVID-19 related hospitalization and mortality.
  • To compare the relative risk of hospitalization and death in Black and Hispanic populations versus the White population during pre-COVID and COVID periods.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study of 505,992 patients from Bronx Montefiore Health System (BMHS) was conducted.
  • Data from pre-COVID (1/1/20-2/15/20) and COVID (3/1/20-4/15/20) periods were analyzed.
  • Logistic modeling was used to compare hospitalization and mortality rates, adjusting for clinical and sociodemographic factors.

Main Results:

  • Black patients showed a 1.6 times higher adjusted odds of death during the COVID period compared to White patients (p=0.001).
  • A significant increase in Black mortality risk was observed from the pre-COVID to the COVID period (p for interaction=0.02).
  • While adjustments for clinical and social factors reduced the disparity, they did not fully explain the increased Black mortality.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms a higher COVID-19 mortality rate among Black individuals within the BMHS system.
  • This disparity is incompletely explained by age, comorbidities, and available sociodemographic data.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex factors contributing to this health inequity.
Abstract

Keywords:
CovidDisparityHospitalizationMortalityRace

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