An adapted emergency department triage algorithm for the COVID-19 pandemic

Area of Science:

• Emergency Medicine
• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health

Background:

• The COVID-19 pandemic presents significant public health challenges, including high case fatality rates and strained hospital resources.
• Effective patient triage is crucial for optimal care, resource allocation, and infection control during pandemics.
• Shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) necessitate strategic management in emergency departments (EDs).

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe an adapted COVID-19 triage algorithm for emergency departments.
• To provide recommendations for clinician PPE use based on triage levels.
• To support evidence-based patient management and resource conservation during the pandemic.

Main Methods:

• Development of an adapted triage algorithm for COVID-19 patients in the ED.
• Integration of best available evidence and lessons from prior pandemics.
• Inclusion of specific recommendations for PPE utilization at each triage encounter level.

Main Results:

• The algorithm facilitates accurate patient triage, ensuring appropriate care levels.
• It guides rational use of PPE, addressing shortages effectively.
• The protocol supports the safe discharge of mild symptom patients with clear instructions.

Conclusions:

• The adapted COVID-19 triage algorithm enhances ED patient management during the pandemic.
• It promotes efficient PPE usage and mitigates nosocomial exposures.
• Adherence to CDC guidelines and clear patient education are key components for successful implementation.