Discriminant function analysis of clinical laboratory data. Use in alcohol research

There has been a growing interest in the use of discriminant function analysis of routinely collected laboratory data to differentiate between alcoholic and nonalcoholic individuals. However, no consensus has been reached concerning the validity and reliability of this form of analysis regarding the diagnosis of, or screening for, alcoholism. In addition, this technique may provide important information concerning the multivariate nature of the pathophysiological effects of alcohol. However, this issue is seldom discussed. Because of differences in methodology across studies and the growing confusion regarding conceptual issues associated with this statistical technique, there have been few critical reviews. This chapter is directed at critically evaluating the current literature, particularly with respect to the methodological and conceptual issues associated with the use of discriminant function analysis in alcohol research. As part of this approach we suggest guidelines for future research in this area.