Patient perspectives on frame versus mask immobilization for gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery

To assess patient experiences and perspectives following Gamma Knife (GK) stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) using frame versus mask immobilization.

Patients who received GK-SRS using both frame and mask immobilization were included in this study. One-on-one semi-structured interviews, led by a third-party expert, were used to gain insight into the patient experience. To reduce memory bias of either immobilization device, patients underwent the interview at their follow-up appointment. Initial assessment of patient transcriptions was completed by one study staff; a second member reviewed transcripts for thematic saturation. All interviews were independently coded for themes to minimize interpretation bias.

Fifteen patients were consented; 12 were successfully interviewed (3 lost due to deteriorating health status). Interviews ranged from 30 to 60 min in duration. The most common patient concern regarding the frame was pain (9 patients), while the primary concerns with the mask system were the ability to remain still (6 patients) and claustrophobia (4 patients). Eleven patients chose the mask as their preferred choice in terms of their overall experience. Two themes emerged during the interviews that spoke to patient satisfaction with each process: unexpected pain with frame placement; and tightness experienced while wearing the mask during treatment.

From the patient perspective there was overwhelming agreement that the mask was the preferred choice for GK-SRS. The patient experience could be improved by enhanced education to better prepare patients on what to expect during the frame placement and mask treatment processes.