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Fluoride and fluoridation.

G E Smith

    Social Science & Medicine (1982)
    |January 1, 1988
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    While fluoride controls tooth decay, its increasing environmental presence and potential harm warrant caution. Excessive fluoride intake can lead to skeletal fluorosis and may be genotoxic.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Science
    • Public Health
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Fluoride is widely used in dental care for preventing tooth decay through systemic and topical applications.
    • Dental caries prevalence is declining in both fluoridated and unfluoridated communities.
    • Increased fluoride levels in the food chain and environment may contribute to this decline.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the overall impact of fluoride on dental health and the environment.
    • To discuss the potential risks associated with increased fluoride exposure.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing evidence on fluoride's role in dental caries prevention.
    • Analysis of factors contributing to increased fluoride levels in the environment and food chain.
    • Examination of studies on fluoride's toxicological effects in humans and animals.

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    Main Results:

    • Declining dental caries rates observed irrespective of water fluoridation levels.
    • Potential sources of increased fluoride exposure include food chain, unintentional ingestion of dental products, and industrial contamination.
    • Fluoride is phytotoxic, harmful to livestock, and excessive human intake can cause skeletal fluorosis.

    Conclusions:

    • While fluoride aids in preventing dental caries, its widespread environmental presence necessitates careful management.
    • Potential genotoxicity of fluoride requires further investigation.
    • Balancing fluoride's benefits against its environmental and health risks is crucial.