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3D Printing of Functionally Graded Films by Controlling Process Parameters.

Alessandra Bonfanti1, Loris Domenicale2, Atul Bhaskar2

  • 1Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. ab2425@cam.ac.uk.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|August 26, 2020
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Summary

Researchers developed a new 3D printing method to create functionally graded scaffolds. This technique allows for variable mechanical properties, crucial for matching host tissue and improving bioengineered implants.

Keywords:
Additive manufacturingExtrusion rateFunctionally graded materialG-codeGraded filmsProcess parameter

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Area of Science:

  • Bioengineering
  • Materials Science
  • Additive Manufacturing

Background:

  • Scaffolds are vital in bioengineering for tissue repair, providing structural support and promoting cell regeneration.
  • Current scaffold fabrication often relies on additive manufacturing (3D printing) for complex, patient-specific designs.
  • Matching scaffold mechanical properties to host tissues is critical for successful implantation, yet many tissues exhibit spatially varying properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel technique for manufacturing porous films with functionally graded properties using 3D printing.
  • To achieve variable material properties without hardware modifications by controlling a process parameter.
  • To enable the creation of bioengineered scaffolds that better mimic the mechanical characteristics of native tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a standard 3D printer to fabricate porous films.
  • Implemented a novel approach by controlling a specific process parameter to achieve functionally graded properties.
  • Conducted experimental testing to evaluate the mechanical properties of the manufactured films.
  • Performed analytical characterization of the material properties.

Main Results:

  • Successfully manufactured porous films with functionally graded mechanical properties.
  • Demonstrated that controlling a process parameter, without hardware changes, can alter material properties.
  • The manufactured films exhibited spatially varying mechanical characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • The presented 3D printing technique offers a viable method for producing functionally graded materials for bioengineering applications.
  • This approach allows for tailored mechanical properties in scaffolds, potentially enhancing tissue regeneration and implant success.
  • The ability to create patient-specific scaffolds with spatially varying properties represents a significant advancement in regenerative medicine.