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The COVID-19 pandemic increased public health surveillance using digital technologies. This study examines how this surveillance, influenced by the panopticon concept, impacts self-regulation and social control, potentially normalizing extensive monitoring post-pandemic.

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COVID-19DronesFoucaultPanopticonPublic healthSmartphonesSurveillance

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Technology Studies

Background:

  • Public health systems rely on surveillance for disease control.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of digital technologies in surveillance.
  • Existing surveillance frameworks are being re-examined in light of new technological capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the expansion of public health surveillance during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To explore the role of digital media in enhancing surveillance, self-regulation, and social control.
  • To assess the potential long-term normalization of advanced surveillance mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative analysis applying Foucault's panopticon theory.
  • Examination of diverse surveillance technologies (e.g., smartphone data, big data analytics).
  • Analysis of public participation in surveillance through digital media.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 responses significantly increased public health surveillance.
  • Digital media facilitated self-regulation and social control, extending surveillance reach.
  • Concerns exist regarding the balance between public health needs and political interests.

Conclusions:

  • The pandemic's surveillance measures, amplified by technology, raise concerns about normalization.
  • The long-term implications for privacy and civil liberties require careful consideration.
  • Ethical frameworks must adapt to evolving surveillance technologies in public health.