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Fostering Self-Control Development With a Designed Intervention in Physical Education: A Two-Year Class-Randomized
Caterina Pesce1, Kimberley D Lakes2, David F Stodden3
1University of Rome "Foro Italico".
Child Development
|August 26, 2020
Summary
Physical education interventions can improve children's self-control, reducing quick-temperedness and disruptiveness. These benefits may be linked to improvements in hot executive functions (EFs).
Area of Science:
- Child Psychology
- Educational Psychology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Children's self-control issues like quick-temperedness and disruptiveness impact behavior.
- Executive functions (EFs) are crucial cognitive skills influencing self-regulation.
- Physical education (PE) is a potential setting for developing self-control and EFs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess if a theory-based physical education intervention improves children's self-control (quick-temperedness, disruptiveness).
- To investigate if changes in executive functions (hot and cool EFs) are associated with or precede improvements in self-control.
- To explore the role of EFs as a potential mechanism linking PE interventions to behavioral outcomes.
Main Methods:
- A 2-year intervention study involving 116 children aged 8-9 years.
- Intervention group received theory-based physical education focused on self-control training.
- Assessments of quick-temperedness, disruptiveness, and hot/cool EFs were conducted at baseline, 6, and 18 months.
Main Results:
- The intervention group demonstrated significant reductions in quick-temperedness and disruptiveness.
- Children in the intervention group showed improvements in hot executive functions.
- Moderate associations were found between changes in self-control and hot EFs, with marginal evidence of causal ordering.
Conclusions:
- Theory-based physical education interventions can effectively enhance children's self-control.
- Improvements in hot executive functions may play a role in mediating the positive behavioral effects of PE.
- PE offers a viable platform for fostering cognitive and behavioral self-regulation skills in children.
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