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Facial Nerve Surgery in the Rat Model to Study Axonal Inhibition and Regeneration
Published on: May 5, 2020
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CRANIAL NERVE HYPERFUNCTION SYNDROMES. MODERN APPROACHES TO DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT (REVIEW)
A Sirko1, K Chekha2, K Mizyakina2
1State Institution, Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy, Ministry of Healthcare of Ukraine, Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery Department, Postgraduate Education FacultyPublic Institution, I. Mechnikov Dnipropetrovsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Ukraine.
Georgian Medical News
|August 26, 2020
Summary
Neurovascular conflicts compress cranial nerves, causing syndromes like trigeminal neuralgia. Microvascular decompression is the preferred surgical treatment when conservative methods fail.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neurosurgery
Background:
- Cranial nerve compression syndromes due to neurovascular conflict are complex and often misdiagnosed.
- These syndromes involve cranial nerves (except olfactory) being compressed by blood vessels, typically at the nerve root exit zone.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review neurovascular conflicts affecting cranial nerves.
- To analyze clinical syndromes and treatment strategies, including surgical interventions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of Pubmed database from 2010-2020.
- Selection of 58 articles on cranial nerve compression syndromes and neurovascular conflict.
- Analysis of etiology, pathogenesis, clinical findings, diagnosis, and treatment.
Main Results:
- Neurovascular conflicts affect all cranial nerves except the olfactory nerve.
- Common syndromes include trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and hemifacial spasm.
- Advanced neuroimaging (MRI, MR angiography, DVI tractography) aids in timely diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- Early detection of neurovascular conflict is crucial for effective management.
- Microvascular decompression is the primary surgical option for refractory cases.
- Separating the compressing vessel from the nerve is the core principle of the surgery.
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