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Related Concept Videos

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry01:12

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

1.8K
Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
ESI utilizes electrical energy to transfer ions from the liquid phase of the sample into the...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
1.4K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

3.2K
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
3.2K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

1.0K
The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
1.0K
Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

1.5K
In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then...
1.5K
Chemical Ionization (CI) Mass Spectrometry01:21

Chemical Ionization (CI) Mass Spectrometry

1.3K
The molecular ion peak of a molecule in the mass spectrum provides vital information for molecular identification. However, conventional electron impact ionization can lead to the rapid dissociation of some molecular ions before they reach the detector. A milder ionization method is required to increase the lifetime of such ionized analyte molecules. Chemical ionization (CI) is a gas-phase protonation reaction useful for mass-analyzing analyte molecules that are easily protonated to yield the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Characterizing Bacterial Volatiles using Secondary Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry SESI-MS
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Characterizing Bacterial Volatiles using Secondary Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry SESI-MS

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Electrospray: More than just an ionization source.

Anna Tycova1, Jan Prikryl1, Adela Kotzianova2

  • 1Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, Brno, 602 00, Czech Republic.

Electrophoresis
|August 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrospraying (ES) offers versatile applications in analytical chemistry for atomizing liquids. This technique enables controlled deposition, material production, and analysis of diverse substances like biomolecules and nanoparticles.

Keywords:
DepositionElectrohydrodynamic printingElectrospinningElectrosprayEncapsulation

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Electrospraying (ES) is a liquid atomization technique driven by potential differences.
  • It is widely used in analytical chemistry, especially for mass spectrometric analysis of biomolecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the versatility of electrospraying.
  • To overview advanced applications of ES-based processing for various materials.

Main Methods:

  • Review of electrospraying principles and applications.
  • Analysis of ES for low molecular mass compounds, biomolecules, polymers, nanoparticles, and cells.

Main Results:

  • ES enables highly controlled deposition of films and patterns, including 3D structures.
  • ES is capable of producing composite materials, encapsulation systems, and polymeric fibers.
  • Various other less common ES applications were presented.

Conclusions:

  • Electrospraying is a powerful and versatile tool for innovative material design and analysis.
  • ES offers unique strategies for controlled deposition and material synthesis across diverse fields.