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Related Concept Videos

Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

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Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
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Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

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Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
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Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:46

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Purification of H3 and H4 Histone Proteins and the Quantification of Acetylated Histone Marks in Cells and Brain Tissue
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HDAC11: a rising star in epigenetics.

Shan-Shan Liu1, Fei Wu1, Yue-Mei Jin1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin Province, China.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|August 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetic modifications regulate biological processes and disease. Histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) is implicated in cancer, offering potential for early disease detection and new therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
HDAC11cancerdiseaseepigeneticspathophysiological

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Epigenetic mechanisms like acetylation and methylation are crucial for normal biological functions.
  • Epigenetic alterations are linked to various diseases, including metabolic disorders, autoimmune conditions, and cancers.
  • These changes can precede genetic mutations, highlighting their importance in early disease detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the role and mechanism of Histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) in disease pathogenesis.
  • To investigate HDAC11's specific involvement in tumorigenesis.
  • To explore potential clinical and basic research applications for HDAC11.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on epigenetic mechanisms.
  • Analysis of HDAC11 expression patterns in various human systems and cancers.
  • Examination of HDAC11's biological functions and regulatory pathways.

Main Results:

  • HDAC11, the sole Class IV histone deacetylase, exhibits differential expression and function across human systems.
  • HDAC11 is significantly overexpressed in several cancers, including breast, liver, and renal pelvis urothelial carcinoma.
  • Its overexpression places it within the top 1-4% of genes in these malignancies.

Conclusions:

  • HDAC11 plays a significant role in disease, particularly in cancer development.
  • Understanding HDAC11's mechanisms may provide novel avenues for early cancer diagnosis.
  • Further research into HDAC11 could lead to new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.