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[Analysis on the cluster epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 in Guangdong Province]

Y L Zhuang1, Y T Zhang1, M Li2

  • 1Institute of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.

Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi [Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine]
|August 26, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clusters primarily occurred within families in Guangdong Province, China. These outbreaks were generally small, with a short serial interval and a low overall secondary attack rate.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Disease Dynamics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The early stages of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic saw rapid global spread.
  • Understanding transmission patterns, particularly cluster characteristics, is crucial for effective public health interventions.
  • Guangdong Province, a major population hub, experienced significant COVID-19 transmission requiring detailed epidemiological analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clustering characteristics of COVID-19 cases in Guangdong Province.
  • To identify the scale, index case features, and transmission patterns within family and non-family clusters.
  • To calculate and compare secondary attack rates across different transmission settings and epidemic stages.

Main Methods:

  • Collected epidemiological data for COVID-19 clusters in Guangdong Province from January 1 to February 29, 2020.
  • Analyzed cluster scale, index case characteristics, and subsequent family/non-family case data.
  • Calculated serial intervals and secondary attack rates based on onset times and contact tracing.

Main Results:

  • Identified 283 COVID-19 clusters involving 633 index cases and 239 subsequent cases.
  • Family transmission was the predominant mode, with clusters typically involving 2-4 individuals.
  • The overall secondary attack rate was 2.86%, with family clusters showing a higher rate (4.84%) than non-family clusters (1.32%).

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 clusters in Guangdong Province were predominantly familial and small in scale.
  • The observed short serial interval and low overall secondary attack rate suggest effective early control measures.
  • Findings highlight the importance of household transmission in the early spread of COVID-19.

Keywords:
COVID-19Cluster outbreakEpidemiologySecondary attack rateSerial interval

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