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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR01:59

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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Gene Therapy00:59

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Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be...
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Emerging Gene-Editing Modalities for Osteoarthritis.

Alekya S Tanikella1, Makenna J Hardy1,2,3, Stephanie M Frahs1,2,3

  • 1Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.

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Genome editing, including CRISPR/Cas9, shows promise for treating osteoarthritis (OA) by targeting genetic factors. These advanced therapies offer new hope for personalized OA treatment and improved patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Genetics
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease causing pain and disability worldwide.
  • Current OA treatments lack disease-modifying capabilities due to complex etiology.
  • Genetic and epigenetic factors contribute significantly to OA pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review genome-editing strategies for osteoarthritis.
  • To focus on emerging technologies like CRISPR/Cas9 for OA treatment.
  • To highlight potential for personalized and targeted OA therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of genome-editing technologies for OA.
  • Analysis of CRISPR/Cas9 and cell-based therapies.
  • Examination of genetic and epigenetic targets in OA.

Main Results:

  • Genome editing offers novel approaches to address inherited OA risk factors.
  • CRISPR/Cas9 and related technologies show potential for disease modification.
  • These techniques may enable early diagnosis and personalized OA treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Genome editing presents a promising frontier for osteoarthritis management.
  • Future advancements in targeted therapies could enhance treatment efficacy.
  • Personalized genome-editing strategies may revolutionize OA care.