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Gender Differences in Healthy Lifestyle Adherence Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Coronary Artery

Sheneli Perera1, Anum Aslam1, Julia Stehli2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.

Heart, Lung & Circulation
|August 27, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Women treated for coronary artery disease (CAD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) show lower adherence to healthy lifestyles, particularly physical activity and cardiac rehabilitation. These findings highlight targets for gender-specific secondary prevention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Public Health
  • Gender Studies

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a primary cause of mortality among Australian women.
  • Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a common treatment for CAD.
  • Understanding gender differences in lifestyle adherence post-PCI is crucial for effective secondary prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gender-specific differences in healthy lifestyle adherence among patients who underwent PCI for CAD.
  • To identify key areas where women may require targeted interventions for secondary prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective recruitment of consecutive patients from three Australian institutions between 2016 and 2017.
  • Primary endpoint: healthy lifestyle adherence (heart-healthy diet, physical activity, non-smoking) at 1-year follow-up.
  • Secondary endpoints: cardiac rehabilitation attendance, medication use, and lipid levels.

Main Results:

  • Overall, 56% of participants adhered to all three lifestyle measures, with no significant gender difference.
  • Women were less likely than men to be physically active (61.5% vs. 78.2%), attend cardiac rehabilitation (58.2% vs. 66.4%), and use statin therapy (85.4% vs. 94.7%).
  • Female gender independently predicted physical inactivity (OR 2.41).

Conclusions:

  • Significant gender disparities exist in secondary prevention adherence post-PCI for CAD.
  • Women demonstrate lower rates of physical activity, cardiac rehabilitation attendance, and statin use compared to men.
  • These differences underscore the need for gender-tailored secondary prevention programs to improve cardiovascular health outcomes in women.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiac rehabilitationGenderHealth dietHealthy lifestylePhysical activity

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