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Sodium restriction corrects hyperfiltration of diabetes
N Bank1, G Lahorra, H S Aynedjian
1Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.
The American Journal of Physiology
|May 1, 1988
Summary
A low-sodium diet corrects abnormal kidney blood flow in early diabetes (IDDM) in rats. This diet stimulates angiotensin II, reducing elevated glomerular filtration rates and blood flow.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
- Diabetology
Background:
- Early diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by abnormal glomerular hemodynamics.
- Elevated glomerular filtration rate and blood flow are key features in early IDDM.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of a low-sodium diet on glomerular hemodynamics in early streptozotocin-induced IDDM in rats.
- To determine if a low-sodium diet can correct the abnormal hyperfiltration associated with early diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Rats with streptozotocin-induced IDDM were fed a low-sodium diet.
- Control rats were fed the same diet.
- Micropuncture measurements assessed single-nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR), glomerular plasma flow (QA), and glomerular blood flow (SNBF).
- Saralasin infusion was used to assess the role of angiotensin II.
Main Results:
- In early IDDM, baseline SNGFR, QA, and SNBF were not significantly different from controls.
- Saralasin infusion caused significant increases in SNGFR, QA, and SNBF in diabetic rats.
- Low-sodium diet induced angiotensin II-mediated vasoconstriction, correcting hyperfiltration.
Conclusions:
- A low-sodium diet can correct the abnormal glomerular hemodynamics in early diabetes.
- The mechanism involves stimulation of endogenous angiotensin II, leading to pre- and postglomerular vasoconstriction.
- Dietary sodium restriction may be a therapeutic strategy for managing early diabetic kidney disease.