Adrenal Gland Disorders
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management
Major Hormones and Their Functions
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care
You might also read
Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.
Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
Published on: January 17, 2018
Lima Lawrence1, Kenda Alkwatli1, James Bena2
1Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave. F-20, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA.
Acromegaly treatment is effective with surgery, often combined with medication or radiation. Higher IGF-1 levels and tumor invasion predict poorer surgical outcomes in acromegaly patients.
Area of Science:
Background:
Purpose of the Study:
Main Methods:
Main Results:
Conclusions: