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Detailing the human tail.

T J Dubrow1, P A Wackym, M A Lesavoy

  • 1Division of Plastic Surgery, Harbor/UCLA Medical Center, Torrance.

Annals of Plastic Surgery
|April 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Human vestigial tails are rare appendages, often containing soft tissues but lacking bone or spinal cord elements. A review indicates nearly 30% of cases are linked to other congenital abnormalities, necessitating thorough clinical assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Human embryology and developmental anomalies.
  • Clinical case reporting and literature review.

Background:

  • True vestigial tails in humans are rare, with only 23 documented cases prior to this report.
  • Understanding the morphology and associated risks of human tails is crucial for clinical management.

Observation:

  • A new case of a human vestigial tail is presented with detailed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pathological findings.
  • The tail is composed of adipose and connective tissue, vasculature, nerves, and skin, lacking skeletal or neural elements.

Findings:

  • Analysis of 24 reported cases reveals vestigial tails lack bone, cartilage, notochord, and spinal cord.
  • Approximately 29% (7 of 24) of reported vestigial tails were associated with other congenital malformations.

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Implications:

  • Vestigial human tails are benign appendages that can be surgically excised without adverse effects.
  • The significant association with other abnormalities underscores the need for comprehensive clinical evaluation in affected individuals.