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Related Concept Videos

Flail Chest-I01:24

Flail Chest-I

453
Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...
453
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

4.5K
Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
4.5K
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
4.5K
Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

416
Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
416
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

3.2K
The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
3.2K
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

6.4K
The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Imaging of the Microstructural Failure Mechanism in the Human Hip
08:43

Imaging of the Microstructural Failure Mechanism in the Human Hip

Published on: September 29, 2023

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Hip fractures.

Lily Li1, Katharine Bennett-Brown1, Catrin Morgan1

  • 1Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

British Journal of Hospital Medicine (London, England : 2005)
|August 27, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Hip fractures are common in UK patients over 70, often with comorbidities and cognitive issues. This overview covers hip fracture presentation, assessment, and management for surgical trainees.

Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Hip fractures affect nearly 76,000 individuals annually in the UK.
  • The majority of hip fracture patients are over 70 years old.
  • Significant comorbidities and cognitive impairment are prevalent in hip fracture patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of hip fracture management.
  • To cover presentation, assessment, and treatment of hip fractures.
  • To serve as a resource for surgical, acute care, and emergency medicine trainees.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on hip fracture epidemiology and management.
  • Synthesis of current clinical guidelines and best practices.
  • Educational overview tailored for medical trainees.
Keywords:
Hip fracturesMultidisciplinary teamNeck of femurTrauma

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Method and Instrumented Fixture for Femoral Fracture Testing in a Sideways Fall-on-the-Hip Position
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A Method to Estimate Cadaveric Femur Cortical Strains During Fracture Testing Using Digital Image Correlation
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A Method to Estimate Cadaveric Femur Cortical Strains During Fracture Testing Using Digital Image Correlation

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Imaging of the Microstructural Failure Mechanism in the Human Hip
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Imaging of the Microstructural Failure Mechanism in the Human Hip

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Method and Instrumented Fixture for Femoral Fracture Testing in a Sideways Fall-on-the-Hip Position
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A Method to Estimate Cadaveric Femur Cortical Strains During Fracture Testing Using Digital Image Correlation
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Main Results:

  • Hip fractures represent a significant health burden in the elderly UK population.
  • Effective management requires addressing comorbidities and cognitive status.
  • Multidisciplinary approach is crucial for optimal patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Hip fractures are a major cause of morbidity in the elderly.
  • Comprehensive assessment and management are essential.
  • This article serves as a foundational guide for healthcare professionals managing hip fractures.