Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

565
Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
565
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

3.6K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
3.6K
Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

3.0K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
3.0K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.7K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hyperglycemia-triggered STAT3 activation drives thromboinflammation via NETs formation to promote hemorrhagic transformation after stroke.

International immunopharmacology·2026
Same author

Comprehensive Pharmacokinetics of the Marine-Derived PDE4 Inhibitor LY104 and Its Major Metabolite M1 in Rats: A Validated LC-MS/MS Method with Sex Comparison, Multiple-Dose, Protein Binding, Metabolic Stability, and Excretion Studies.

Marine drugs·2026
Same author

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Luminescent 0D Halides: Metal-Center Coordination Control and Photoluminescence Mechanism Studies.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Vagus nerve as the hub in peripheral immune-inflammatory response: implications for related therapeutic drugs.

Molecular biology reports·2026
Same author

Dicaffeoylquinic acid alleviates alcoholic liver disease by targeting PLA2G4B and inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2026
Same author

Licochalcone B alleviates pulmonary vascular remodeling via inhibiting Furin/TGF-β1 in pulmonary hypertension.

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

8.3K

Control over Polymorph Formation of Polydatin in Binary Solvent System and Structural Characterization.

Ningbo Gong1, Xue Wang1, Ying Wang1

  • 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
|August 27, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Polydatin exhibits polymorphism, with two crystal forms (A and B) and an amorphous form identified. Form B demonstrates superior pharmacokinetic properties, including faster absorption and longer duration in animal models compared to Form A.

Keywords:
CharacterizationPharmacokinetic studyPolydatinPolymorphismX-ray diffractometry

More Related Videos

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water
16:24

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water

Published on: August 2, 2012

19.1K
Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

8.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

8.3K
Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water
16:24

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water

Published on: August 2, 2012

19.1K
Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

8.1K

Area of Science:

  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Pharmaceutical sciences
  • Natural product characterization

Background:

  • Polydatin, a natural product with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties, is utilized in medicine, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and dietary supplements.
  • Polymorphism, the ability of a solid material to exist in multiple crystalline forms, significantly impacts the physical and chemical properties of pharmaceutical products.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize different solid-state forms of Polydatin, including its polymorphs and amorphous form.
  • To elucidate the crystal structures of the novel Polydatin polymorphs.
  • To evaluate the pharmacokinetic differences between the identified Polydatin forms.

Main Methods:

  • Polymorphs were prepared using a binary solvent system.
  • Crystal structures were determined via single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
  • Batch consistency and stability were assessed using Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD).
  • Functional groups were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
  • Thermal properties were investigated using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA).
  • Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS).

Main Results:

  • Two distinct crystalline polymorphs (Form A and Form B) and an amorphous form of Polydatin were successfully prepared and characterized.
  • The crystal structures and 3D packing of the two polymorphs were determined for the first time.
  • Form B exhibited significantly faster absorption and longer retention in animal bodies compared to Form A.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully identified and structurally characterized two novel polymorphs of Polydatin.
  • Significant differences in pharmacokinetic profiles were observed between Polydatin forms, with Form B showing enhanced absorption and duration.
  • These findings are crucial for optimizing Polydatin's formulation and therapeutic applications.