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Related Concept Videos

Micelles01:30

Micelles

Micelle formation is an intricate process that hinges on the properties of amphiphilic or amphipathic molecules and the conditions of the system in which they are found. Amphiphilic molecules, which have both hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts, play a critical role in this process.In aqueous environments, these molecules arrange themselves such that their hydrophilic heads are turned towards the water phase, while their hydrophobic tails are oriented away...

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Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Double Emulsion Generation Using a Polydimethylsiloxane PDMS Co-axial Flow Focus Device
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Microemulsion Microstructure(s): A Tutorial Review.

Giuseppe Tartaro1, Helena Mateos1, Davide Schirone1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, and CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science), University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This review explores microemulsions, which are stable mixtures of immiscible liquids. It details their diverse microstructures, phase behavior, and theoretical models, aiding in formulation and application.

Keywords:
flexible surface modelhydrophilic–lipophilic difference (HLD)microemulsionsnet average curvature (NAC)packing parameterwormlike micelles

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Colloid Science

Background:

  • Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable, single-phase mixtures of immiscible liquids.
  • Surfactants and other compounds stabilize these systems, leading to diverse microstructures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the various microstructures of microemulsions.
  • To review experimental methods for microstructure determination.
  • To discuss microemulsion phase behavior, theoretical models, and applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of microemulsion properties and theoretical models.
  • Discussion of experimental techniques for characterizing microemulsion structures.
  • Analysis of phase behavior influenced by temperature and salinity.

Main Results:

  • Microemulsions exhibit a wide range of microstructures despite their uniform macroscopic appearance.
  • Phase behavior is sensitive to temperature and salinity, influencing microstructure.
  • Theoretical models provide a framework for understanding and formulating microemulsions.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding microemulsion microstructures and phase behavior is crucial for effective formulation.
  • Current applications and future challenges in microemulsion technology are highlighted.