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A keratin-based microparticle for cell delivery.

Marc Thompson1, Aaron Giuffre2, Claire McClenny2

  • 1US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Burn and Soft Tissue Research Division, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA.

Journal of Biomaterials Applications
|August 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Keratin microparticles support enhanced cell adhesion and viability for tissue regeneration applications. This study demonstrates their potential as a stable biomaterial for delivering cells and other therapeutic payloads.

Keywords:
Keratincell plasticitymicroparticlestem celltissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Keratin biomaterials offer unique properties for wound healing and tissue regeneration.
  • Keratins provide stability advantages due to resistance to tissue turnover enzymes.
  • Existing keratin systems face challenges with in-situ polymerization and cell compatibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize keratin-based microparticles for cell delivery.
  • To evaluate the viability and functionality of mesenchymal stem cells loaded onto keratin microparticles.
  • To compare keratin microparticles with collagen-coated microparticles as a control.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of keratin microparticles using water-in-oil emulsion procedures.
  • Loading of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells onto microparticles via suspension culture.
  • Characterization of microparticle size, porosity, and surface structure.
  • Assessment of cell viability, actin, and vinculin protein expression.
  • Comparative analysis with collagen-coated microparticles.

Main Results:

  • Oxidized keratin (keratose) formed microparticles with a fibrous substructure.
  • Keratin microparticles exhibited greater cell adhesion and viability compared to collagen controls.
  • Loaded cells maintained expression of key proteins (actin, vinculin) and markers of plasticity.
  • Keratin microparticles demonstrated potential for gel formation upon hydration.

Conclusions:

  • Keratin microparticles are a promising platform for cell delivery in regenerative medicine.
  • The developed method ensures high cell viability and functional retention.
  • Keratin microparticles show superior performance over collagen for cell seeding and viability.