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Related Concept Videos

Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when...
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Integration of Synaptic Events01:28

Integration of Synaptic Events

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Synaptic integration mainly includes the summation of graded potentials. Graded potentials, regardless of their type, cause subtle alterations in membrane voltage, resulting in either depolarization or hyperpolarization. These incremental changes, when combined or summed, can propel the neuron toward its threshold. Consider, for example, a membrane experiencing a +15 mV shift, causing it to depolarize from -70 mV to -55 mV. In this scenario, graded potentials govern the membrane's ability to...
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Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters01:29

Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters

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When an action potential reaches the presynaptic axon terminal, it releases neurotransmitters from the neuron into the synaptic cleft at a chemical synapse. The released neurotransmitter can be excitatory or inhibitory. The critical criteria commonly used to determine whether a molecule is a neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse are the molecule's presence in the presynaptic neuron. Second, its release is in response to strong presynaptic depolarization. And lastly, the presence of...
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Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

32.7K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
32.7K
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Long-term Potentiation of Perforant Pathway-dentate Gyrus Synapse in Freely Behaving Mice
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Long-term Potentiation of Perforant Pathway-dentate Gyrus Synapse in Freely Behaving Mice

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Lights on Endocannabinoid-Mediated Synaptic Potentiation.

Charlotte Piette1, Yihui Cui2, Nicolas Gervasi1

  • 1Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, College de France, INSERM U1050, CNRS UMR7241, Labex Memolife, Paris, France.

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
|August 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The endocannabinoid system bidirectionally regulates synaptic transmission, impacting learning and memory. Its dysregulation links to neurological disorders, highlighting therapeutic potential for cannabis-based treatments.

Keywords:
GABAergic interneuronscannabinoid receptor type-1endocannabinoidsexcitation-inhibition balancelearning and memorylong-term potentiationneuromodulationsynaptic plasticity

More Related Videos

Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation
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Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation

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Vibrodissociation of Neurons from Rodent Brain Slices to Study Synaptic Transmission and Image Presynaptic Terminals
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Vibrodissociation of Neurons from Rodent Brain Slices to Study Synaptic Transmission and Image Presynaptic Terminals

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Long-term Potentiation of Perforant Pathway-dentate Gyrus Synapse in Freely Behaving Mice
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Long-term Potentiation of Perforant Pathway-dentate Gyrus Synapse in Freely Behaving Mice

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Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation
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Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation

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Vibrodissociation of Neurons from Rodent Brain Slices to Study Synaptic Transmission and Image Presynaptic Terminals
08:38

Vibrodissociation of Neurons from Rodent Brain Slices to Study Synaptic Transmission and Image Presynaptic Terminals

Published on: May 25, 2011

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurobiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The endocannabinoid (eCB) system modulates neural control of learning and memory.
  • eCBs are lipid-based neurotransmitters mediating retrograde signaling via cannabinoid type-1 receptors (CB1Rs).
  • Traditionally, eCBs were known to depress synaptic transmission, but emerging evidence shows they can also increase it.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of the eCB system in synaptic plasticity and learning.
  • To explore the mechanisms, neuromodulation, and behavioral impact of eCB-mediated long-term potentiation (eCB-LTP).
  • To discuss the implications of eCB-LTP dysregulation in pathologies and its therapeutic potential.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on eCB signaling, synaptic plasticity, and learning.
  • Analysis of mechanisms underlying different forms of eCB-LTP.
  • Examination of behavioral studies and clinical research on eCB system dysregulation.

Main Results:

  • eCBs act as bidirectional regulators of synaptic transmission, enhancing or depressing release.
  • eCB-LTP is linked to learning and memory processes.
  • Dysregulation of eCB-LTP is implicated in stress, addiction, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and pain.

Conclusions:

  • The eCB system's bidirectional signaling is crucial for understanding its function and impact by cannabis.
  • eCB-LTP mechanisms, neuromodulation, and behavioral effects are key areas of research.
  • Targeting the eCB system offers potential therapeutic strategies for various neurological and psychiatric disorders.