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Related Experiment Videos

Tracheal narrowing during histamine-induced bronchoconstriction.

H Baier1, J L Rodriguez, A Chediak

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Florida 33101.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|March 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Histamine causes airway narrowing in sheep, constricting both the trachea and bronchi. A vagal reflex, particularly in the trachea, contributes to this response, influencing breathing mechanics.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Physiology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Histamine is a key mediator in allergic reactions and asthma.
  • Bronchoconstriction is a hallmark of asthma, but tracheal involvement is less understood.
  • Cholinergic reflexes play a role in airway smooth muscle contraction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate tracheal narrowing during histamine-induced bronchoconstriction.
  • To determine the involvement of a cholinergic reflex in these responses.
  • To compare tracheal and bronchial reactivity to histamine.

Main Methods:

  • Conscious sheep model used to measure specific pulmonary resistance (sRL) and tracheal volume (Vtr).
  • Indicator-dilution technique employed for precise measurements.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Histamine aerosol and atropine administration to assess airway responses.

    • Main Results:

    • Histamine aerosol caused significant increases in sRL and decreases in Vtr.
    • Tracheal constriction (Vtr decrease) reached maximum effect with lower histamine doses than bronchial constriction (sRL increase).
    • Atropine abolished histamine's effect on Vtr and blunted its effect on sRL, indicating cholinergic involvement.

    Conclusions:

    • Histamine induces both tracheal and bronchial constriction in sheep with similar time courses.
    • A baseline vagal tone exists in the trachea, but not the bronchi.
    • The cholinergic reflex contributes more to histamine-induced tracheal constriction than bronchial constriction.