3D-Printed Microfluidic Device with In-line Amperometric Detection that Also Enables Multi-Modal Detection

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Microfluidics
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Conventional microfluidic amperometric detectors face challenges with integrated electrodes and downstream detection.
• Reservoirs for auxiliary and reference electrodes can impede subsequent analytical steps.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop an in-line microfluidic device with a three-electrode setup for improved amperometric detection.
• To demonstrate the integration of amperometric detection with downstream chemiluminescent detection in a single device.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of a 3D-printed microfluidic flow cell housing a threaded reference electrode and custom-fabricated working and auxiliary electrodes.
• Utilizing a pillar working electrode for increased sensitivity compared to thin-layer electrodes.
• Configuring opposed working and auxiliary electrodes for uniform potential application and reduced iR drop.

Main Results:

• Successful integration of a three-electrode system within a 3D-printed microfluidic device.
• Demonstrated enhanced sensitivity using a pillar working electrode.
• Enabled simultaneous detection of norepinephrine (amperometry) and ATP (chemiluminescence) in a single device.

Conclusions:

• The developed 3D-printed microfluidic device offers a versatile platform for in-line amperometric detection.
• The design facilitates integration with downstream detection methods, expanding analytical capabilities.
• This approach is suitable for continuous flow studies and complex system analysis.