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Birth Defects Data From Population-Based Birth Defects Surveillance System in a District of Southern Jiangsu, China,

Ying Zhou1, Xueqin Mao1, Hua Zhou1

  • 1Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.

Frontiers in Public Health
|August 28, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Birth defects (BDs) affect 155.49 per 10,000 infants in Tianning District, with congenital heart defects (CHD) increasing. Risk factors include higher gravidity and multiple births, highlighting the need for enhanced surveillance and prevention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Birth defects (BDs) pose significant challenges to prevention efforts in population-based surveillance regions.
  • Understanding the epidemiological patterns of BDs is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the epidemiology of BDs in infants in Tianning District from 2014 to 2018.
  • To identify trends in BD incidence and associated perinatal risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the national birth defect surveillance system for infants (28 weeks gestation to 42 days postpartum).
  • Calculated prevalence rates using Poisson distribution and analyzed trends and risk factors with Poisson regression.

Main Results:

  • The overall prevalence of BDs was 155.49 per 10,000 infants.
  • Congenital heart defects (CHD) showed a significant increasing trend (PRR=1.191).
  • Risk factors identified included gravidity ≥ 3 (PRR=1.38) and multiple births (PRR=2.88). Adverse outcomes included premature delivery, fetal/stillbirth, and infant death.

Conclusions:

  • Strengthening public education and improving diagnostic/monitoring capabilities are essential for BD prevention.
  • Expanding the surveillance system's temporal scope may enhance early detection and intervention for BDs.

Keywords:
birth defectspopulation-basedprevalencerisk factorssurveillance

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