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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

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Hippocampus co-atrophy pattern in dementia deviates from covariance patterns across the lifespan.

Anna Plachti1,2, Shahrzad Kharabian1,2, Simon B Eickhoff1,2

  • 1Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany.

Brain : a Journal of Neurology
|August 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals distinct hippocampus organization patterns in aging and dementia. Healthy brains show cytoarchitectonic divisions, while dementia reveals functional subdivisions, impacting co-plasticity and co-atrophy research.

Keywords:
dementiaelderlyparcellationstructural covariancetemporal lobe

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Human Anatomy

Background:

  • The hippocampus is crucial for memory and vulnerable to aging and dementia.
  • Previous studies on hippocampal atrophy in aging/dementia used fixed models, yielding inconsistent findings.
  • The organizational principles of hippocampal macrostructure across the lifespan and in disease remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify data-driven spatial patterns of hippocampal differentiation using structural covariance.
  • To investigate if macrostructural changes follow cytoarchitectonic or functional organization in healthy aging and dementia.
  • To provide robust spatial maps for future hippocampal research.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study utilizing structural MRI data from 2594 participants.
  • Applied a clustering algorithm to analyze voxel-wise structural covariance within the hippocampus.
  • Examined healthy young, middle-aged, elderly, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia cohorts.

Main Results:

  • A data-driven approach revealed distinct subdivisions within the hippocampus based on structural covariance.
  • In healthy and mild cognitive impairment groups, the hippocampus differentiated into anterior, lateral, and medial subregions, aligning with cytoarchitectonic organization.
  • In dementia patients, hippocampal subdivision mirrored functional organization into anterior, body, and tail regions.

Conclusions:

  • Hippocampal structural organization differs between healthy aging and dementia.
  • Findings suggest distinct patterns of co-plasticity and co-atrophy across the lifespan and in neurodegenerative disease.
  • Provides novel, data-driven spatial maps of hippocampal differentiation for future research.