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Related Concept Videos

Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

28.8K
Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
28.8K
Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

5.5K
Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
5.5K
Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides02:17

Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides

5.5K
Thiols and sulfides are sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom takes the place of the oxygen atom. Thus, thiols are generally represented as RSH, where R is an alkyl substituent and —SH is the functional group. On the other hand, in sulfides, the central sulfur atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon groups on either side. Depending upon the type of group, sulfides can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Both thiols and sulfides display a bent geometry,...
5.5K
Sulfur Assimilation01:20

Sulfur Assimilation

223
Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to...
223
Periodic Classification of the Elements04:00

Periodic Classification of the Elements

57.3K
The periodic table arranges atoms based on increasing atomic number so that elements with the same chemical properties recur periodically. When their electron configurations are added to the table, a periodic recurrence of similar electron configurations in the outer shells of these elements is observed. Because they are in the outer shells of an atom, valence electrons play the most important role in chemical reactions. The outer electrons have the highest energy of the electrons in an atom...
57.3K
The Sulfur Cycle01:22

The Sulfur Cycle

51.4K
Sulfur, an important element in the chemical makeup of proteins, is recycled through the atmosphere and aquatic and terrestrial environments. Found in the atmosphere as sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur is released by decaying organisms, weathered rocks, geothermal vents, volcanos, and burning fossil fuels. It is deposited into the ecosystem, cycled through the biotic community, and either released back into the atmosphere as gas or deposited in marine sediment for long-term storage and eventual...
51.4K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Preparation of Large-area Vertical 2D Crystal Hetero-structures Through the Sulfurization of Transition Metal Films for Device Fabrication
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Introduction: Transition Metals and Sulfur.

Martha E Sosa Torres, Peter M H Kroneck

    Metal Ions in Life Sciences
    |August 28, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    Transition metals and sulfur ligands are crucial for life, forming complex biological sites. This review explores diverse metal-sulfur centers in proteins and enzymes, advancing bioinorganic chemistry.

    Area of Science:

    • Bioinorganic Chemistry
    • Biochemistry
    • Metalloprotein Chemistry

    Background:

    • Transition metal ions, essential trace elements, play increasingly recognized biological roles.
    • Metal centers in proteins often involve sulfur ligands (sulfide, cysteine, methionine), forming unique active sites.
    • Understanding these sites is challenging due to their complexity compared to simple coordination complexes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review and highlight intriguing transition metal-sulfur sites in biological systems.
    • To provide insights into the structure and function of these metalloprotein active sites.
    • To consolidate current knowledge in this rapidly advancing field of bioinorganic chemistry.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature and research findings.

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  • Analysis of structural and functional data from protein crystallography and spectroscopy.
  • Synthesis and characterization of biomimetic inorganic complexes as models.

    • Main Results:

    • Detailed examination of various metal-sulfur centers including copper, iron-sulfur, molybdenum-sulfur, nickel-iron-sulfur, and zinc finger domains.
    • Highlighting the unique coordination chemistry and reactivity of these biological sites.
    • Demonstrating the importance of biomimetic studies in elucidating metalloprotein function.

    Conclusions:

    • Transition metal-sulfur sites are diverse and essential for numerous biological processes.
    • Advances in techniques like protein crystallography and biomimetic chemistry have significantly improved our understanding.
    • This review consolidates key examples to underscore the significance of metal-sulfur chemistry in life sciences.