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Related Experiment Video

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Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Reframing social cognition: Relational versus representational mentalizing.

Eliane Deschrijver¹, Colin Palmer²

¹Department of Experimental Psychology.

Psychological Bulletin

|August 28, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study reframes social cognition, suggesting that monitoring mental conflict, not just inferring others' thoughts (mindreading), is key. This perspective may explain autism as a conflict monitoring issue, not "mindblindness".

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Social Psychology
Developmental Psychology

Background:

The dominant theory of social cognition, the theory of mind, focuses on inferring others' mental states.
Sensitivity to alignment between one's own and others' mental states influences social interactions.
A distinction exists between inferring mental states (mindreading) and monitoring alignment (mental conflict).

Purpose of the Study:

To reframe mentalizing research over the past 40 years through the lens of mental conflict monitoring.
To re-examine neuroimaging data from false belief tasks.
To propose a new perspective on autism and social cognition.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of 51 neuroimaging studies on false belief tasks.
Analysis of brain regions, particularly temporoparietal junction (TPJ) areas.
Reinterpretation of existing data within the framework of mental conflict monitoring.

Main Results:

Temporoparietal junction (TPJ) areas may be linked to mental conflict monitoring rather than mental representation.
Autism may involve subtle difficulties in monitoring mental conflict, with intact mental representation.
This challenges the "mindblindness" hypothesis in autism.

Conclusions:

Mental conflict monitoring offers a novel framework for understanding social cognition.
Relational mentalizing (understanding differences in thought) may be more fundamental than representational mentalizing (inferring thoughts).
This perspective has implications for understanding perspective-taking, moral judgments, and humor.