Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 10, 2025
13:44
Project-Based Learning Guidelines for Health Sciences Students: An Analysis with Data Mining and Qualitative Techniques
Published on: December 9, 2022
4.0K
Flipped classroom improves nursing students' theoretical learning in China: A meta-analysis
Bao-Zhu Li1,2, Nv-Wei Cao1,2, Chun-Xia Ren3
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Plos One
|August 28, 2020
Summary
The flipped classroom (FC) teaching method significantly improves nursing students' theoretical knowledge and skills compared to traditional lecture-based learning (LBL). This meta-analysis confirms FC's efficacy in enhancing nursing education outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Nursing Education
- Educational Psychology
- Medical Pedagogy
Background:
- Traditional didactic teaching methods are inefficient for nursing students applying theory to clinical practice.
- The flipped classroom (FC) model, emphasizing self-study and critical thinking, is gaining traction in Chinese nursing education.
- Existing literature lacks comprehensive comparisons of FC versus lecture-based learning (LBL) outcomes, particularly for theoretical scores.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the impact of the flipped classroom (FC) on nursing students' theoretical knowledge and skill scores.
- To assess the efficacy of FC in Chinese nursing education and provide a deeper understanding of its benefits.
- To compare theoretical and skill scores between FC and traditional lecture-based learning (LBL) modes.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted.
- Literature search included PubMed, Embase, and Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang, VIP) up to January 3, 2020.
- Data were extracted, quality assessed, and a random effects model used to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Main Results:
- Thirty-two RCTs involving 2,439 citations were included in the meta-analysis.
- FC significantly improved theoretical knowledge scores compared to LBL (SMD = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.02-1.64; P < 0.001).
- FC also demonstrated a significant positive effect on skill scores (SMD = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.23-1.93; P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
- The flipped classroom (FC) teaching method significantly enhances both theoretical knowledge and skill acquisition in Chinese nursing students compared to lecture-based learning (LBL).
- While FC shows clear benefits, future high-quality studies are needed to address heterogeneity and potential publication bias.
- FC represents an effective pedagogical approach for improving nursing education outcomes.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Nursing Evaluation
4.0K
The evaluation stage signals the end of the nursing process. The nurse gathers evaluative data to assess whether or not the patient has attained the expected results. Whereas the nurse collects data in the nursing assessment to identify the patient's health concerns, the evaluation stage data determines if the indicated health issues are resolved. Evaluative data collection includes two sections: the data acquired to evaluate patient outcomes and the time criteria for data collection.
4.0K
01:30Current Trends in Nursing II
1.8K
Trends in nursing are multifactorial and associated with changes in society, within the nursing profession, and in other professions. Notably, telehealth and remote nursing contribute to successful healthcare delivery for numerous patients and help reduce stress for nurses due to nursing shortages. Nurses can reach patients, monitor their conditions, and interact with them using computers, audio, visual accessories, and telephones—for example, remote patient monitoring systems. Likewise,...
1.8K
01:15Nursing Implementation
5.8K
Implementation is the execution of the nursing care plan developed during the planning phase.
The five steps to implementing effective nursing care include reassessing the patient, reviewing and revising the existing nursing care plan, organizing the resources and care delivery, anticipating and preventing complications, and implementing nursing interventions.
The five steps to implementing effective nursing care include reassessing the patient, reviewing and revising the existing nursing care plan, organizing the resources and care delivery, anticipating and preventing complications, and implementing nursing interventions.
5.8K
01:20Nursing Process for Patient and Caregiver Teaching III: Evaluation and Documentation
2.3K
Evaluation of the teaching process enables the nurse to determine if the patient's learning needs were met and if training was effective. If the expected outcomes are not met, the care plan is revised, and additional education or reinforcement is provided. Nurses can ask questions after the session or obtain feedback to assess the patient's understanding of the topic.
Nurses can use several methods to evaluate patient outcomes. For example, oral questions can assess cognitive learning,...
Nurses can use several methods to evaluate patient outcomes. For example, oral questions can assess cognitive learning,...
2.3K
01:30Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice
15.3K
Theories play an essential role in organizing patient care. Theories refer to a proposed or followed belief, policy, or procedure that is the basis for action. Nursing theories are knowledge-based concepts that guide nurses' actions, influence nursing education and practice, and allow nurses to care for their patients.
Theories provide a perspective to assess patients' conditions and organize data and methods. They also assist in analyzing and interpreting information. They represent a...
Theories provide a perspective to assess patients' conditions and organize data and methods. They also assist in analyzing and interpreting information. They represent a...
15.3K
01:24Nursing Process for Patient and Caregiver Teaching II: Planning and Implementation
1.8K
Planning for learning involves the development of a teaching plan. Teaching plans are similar to nursing care plans—both follow the steps of the nursing process. Planning in the teaching process involves setting goals and outcomes. Here, goals identify what a patient needs to achieve to understand a healthcare topic better, whereas the outcomes are the action to be performed by the patient to achieve the goal within a timeframe. For example, if the goal is to educate the patient about...
1.8K