Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
06:46

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

3.1K

J-shaped association between fasting blood glucose levels and COVID-19 severity in patients without diabetes

Bing Zhu1, Shengwei Jin2, Lianpeng Wu3

  • 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
|August 28, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in non-diabetic COVID-19 patients show a J-shaped association with disease severity. Optimal glucose targets for reducing severe COVID-19 risk are between 4.74-5.78 mmol/L.

Area of Science:

  • Internal Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic.
  • Early prevention measures can reduce COVID-19 mortality.
  • Understanding glycemic control's role in COVID-19 progression is crucial for non-diabetic patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and COVID-19 disease progression in patients without diabetes.
  • To identify potential glycemic targets for mitigating severe COVID-19 outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, multi-centered study involving 293 COVID-19 patients without diabetes.
  • Multivariate stepwise binary logistic regression analysis was employed.
  • FBG levels were analyzed across quintiles to assess dose-response effects on severe/critical COVID-19 risk.

Main Results:

  • A J-shaped association was observed between FBG levels and the risk of severe or critical COVID-19.
  • The lowest risk for severe/critical COVID-19 was found in the FBG quintile of 4.74-5.21 mmol/L (1.7% severe/critical cases).
  • Significantly increased odds of severe/critical COVID-19 were noted at the lowest (<4.74 mmol/L) and highest (≧7.05 mmol/L) FBG quintiles.

Conclusions:

  • FBG levels exhibit a J-shaped relationship with severe and critical COVID-19 outcomes in non-diabetic patients.
  • The optimal FBG range associated with the lowest risk appears to be 4.74-5.78 mmol/L.
  • These findings suggest potential glycemic targets for managing COVID-19 in non-diabetic individuals.
Abstract

Keywords:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Fasting blood glucoseGlycemic targetHyperglycemiaHypoglycemia

More Related Videos

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes07:22

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes

Published on: March 7, 2025

578
Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT and Insulin Tolerance Test ITT08:13

Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT and Insulin Tolerance Test ITT

Published on: January 7, 2018

70.8K

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
1.9K
Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism01:19

Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of energy to living cells. The most important carbohydrate is glucose, which can be broken down via glycolysis to enter into the Krebs cycle and eventually lead to the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
2.8K
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
4.1K
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
5.9K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
4.6K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
2.9K