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Simultaneous EEG and pupillary evidence for post-error arousal during a speeded performance task.

Rebecca J Compton1, Dylan Gearinger1, Hannah Wild1

  • 1Haverford College, Haverford, PA, USA.

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|August 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Detecting performance errors triggers arousal, indicated by increased pupil diameter and decreased alpha brain waves. This error-evoked arousal may not always improve subsequent performance.

Keywords:
EEGattentioncognitive controlerror-monitoringpupil diameter

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychophysiology

Background:

  • Performance errors can trigger arousal, influencing attention and behavior.
  • Pupil diameter is a physiological indicator of norepinephrinergic arousal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if EEG alpha oscillations reflect arousal following performance errors.
  • To correlate EEG alpha changes with pupil diameter as a measure of arousal.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and pupil diameter measurements were recorded.
  • EEG alpha power (8-12 Hz) and pupil diameter changes were analyzed in response to correct and incorrect trials.

Main Results:

  • Following errors, pupil diameter increased and EEG alpha power decreased compared to correct trials.
  • Increased pupil diameter was associated with decreased EEG alpha power, suggesting arousal.
  • Errors were followed by diminished performance on subsequent trials.

Conclusions:

  • Error-evoked arousal, reflected by pupil dilation and alpha suppression, may not consistently lead to adaptive cognitive control.
  • The findings suggest a complex relationship between error detection, arousal, and performance outcomes.