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Appendiceal malignancies.

A P Lyss1

  • 1Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO.

Seminars in Oncology
|April 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Appendiceal malignancies are rare, with carcinoid tumors being most common. Treatment and prognosis vary significantly by histologic type, impacting patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Appendiceal malignancies are rare, with carcinoid tumors being the most frequent type.
  • Other appendiceal tumors include mucinous cystadenocarcinomas and adenocarcinomas.
  • Adenocarcinoids present a composite of adenocarcinoma and carcinoid features.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, histology, and clinical management of appendiceal malignancies.
  • To delineate the distinct treatment strategies and prognoses for different appendiceal tumor subtypes.
  • To discuss the occurrence of secondary malignancies and the characteristics of adenocarcinoids.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on appendiceal neoplasms.
  • Analysis of treatment modalities based on histologic classification.
  • Comparison of prognoses across different appendiceal malignancy types.

Main Results:

  • Carcinoid tumors (<2 cm) often treated with appendectomy, associated with good survival.
  • Adenocarcinomas typically require hemicolectomy, with prognosis similar to colon cancer.
  • Mucinous cystadenocarcinomas can present as peritoneal carcinomatosis but may have prolonged survival with aggressive surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Histologic variant is critical for determining appendiceal cancer treatment and prognosis.
  • Adenocarcinoids have variable prognosis and undefined treatment protocols.
  • Appendiceal tumors are associated with a higher incidence of concomitant GI malignancies.

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