Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients01:14

Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients

4.3K
The distribution law or Nernst's distribution law is the law that governs the distribution of a solute between two immiscible solvents. This law, also known as the partition law, states that if a solute is added to the mixture of two immiscible solvents at a constant temperature, the solute is distributed between the two solvents in such a way that the ratio of solute concentrations in the solvents remains constant at equilibrium.
For extracting a solute from an aqueous phase into an...
4.3K
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

3.8K
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
3.8K
Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria01:10

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria

1.9K
Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
1.9K
Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration02:42

Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration

17.0K
Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
17.0K
Energetics of Solution Formation02:35

Energetics of Solution Formation

7.2K
The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, which is a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source.
When the strengths of the intermolecular forces of attraction between solute and solvent species in a solution are no different than those present in the separated components, the solution is formed with no accompanying energy change. Formation of the solution requires the solute–solute and solvent–solvent...
7.2K
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

3.6K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
3.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same authorSame journal

Helicity of a confined bottlebrush ring polymer.

Macromolecules·2026
Same author

The Structure and Morphology of Single-Component Oligomeric RNA Delivery Vectors Derived from Amphiphilic Charge-Altering Releasable Transporters.

ACS nano·2025
Same author

Cyclic Macromolecular Chains Visualized by Cryo-EM and AFM Reveal a Ring Expansion Polymerization Mechanism in a Classical Synthetic Pathway to Polyphosphazenes.

ACS macro letters·2025
Same author

Cosolvent Control of Lower and Upper Critical Solution Behavior in Polyelectrolyte Complexes.

ACS macro letters·2025
Same author

Cats in farms: ranging behavior of the Fishing Cat (<i>Prionailurus viverrinus</i>) in a human-dominated landscape.

Journal of mammalogy·2025
Same author

Charge symmetry breaking in neutral polyzwitterions.

Nature communications·2025
Same journal

Customizing Ionic Micelles by Dynamic Coassembly of Sequence-Defined Peptoid Block Copolymers.

Macromolecules·2026
Same journal

Investigating Polyethylene Solubility for Solvent-Based Recycling: Experiments and SAFT‑γ Mie Predictions.

Macromolecules·2026
Same journal

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Structural and Thermodynamic Properties of Poly(<i>l</i>‑lactic acid) in the Presence of Water.

Macromolecules·2026
Same journal

From Solvent-Mediated Micellization to Packing in a Face-Centered Cubic Structure of Poloxamers.

Macromolecules·2026
Same journal

Nonlocal Effect of Percolated Particle Networks on Viscoelasticity of Polymer-Filler Nanocomposites: A Mesoscale Simulation Study.

Macromolecules·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water
16:24

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water

Published on: August 2, 2012

19.1K

Lower Critical Solution Temperature Behavior in Polyelectrolyte Complex Coacervates.

Sabin Adhikari1, Vivek M Prabhu2, Murugappan Muthukumar3

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.

Macromolecules
|August 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent experiments show lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in polyelectrolyte complex coacervates. Our theory explains this by considering how solvent dielectric constant and polymer interactions change with temperature.

More Related Videos

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by &#960;-&#960; Stacking Interactions
10:53

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions

Published on: October 10, 2016

14.4K
Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer
10:11

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer

Published on: April 19, 2021

4.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water
16:24

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water

Published on: August 2, 2012

19.1K
Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by &#960;-&#960; Stacking Interactions
10:53

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions

Published on: October 10, 2016

14.4K
Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer
10:11

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer

Published on: April 19, 2021

4.1K

Area of Science:

  • Polymer science
  • Physical chemistry
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Recent experiments observed lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior in polyelectrolyte complex coacervates.
  • Understanding the mechanisms behind this LCST behavior is crucial for controlling coacervate properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the theoretical mechanisms driving LCST in polyelectrolyte complex coacervates.
  • To investigate the influence of temperature-dependent solvent dielectric constant and polymer interaction parameters on coacervate phase behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Modified existing theoretical models to incorporate temperature dependence.
  • Analyzed the impact of solvent dielectric constant (ε) and solvent-polymer interaction parameter (χ) on phase diagrams.
  • Constructed phase diagrams on the temperature (T)-polyelectrolyte concentration (ϕp) plane.

Main Results:

  • Temperature dependence of ε and χ can lead to complex phase behavior with two distinct unstable regions.
  • LCST behavior is observed only when the solvent dielectric constant decreases and the solvent-polymer interaction parameter increases with temperature.
  • Predicted preferential salt partitioning into the polyelectrolyte-poor phase across all considered temperature dependencies.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a theoretical framework for understanding LCST in polyelectrolyte complex coacervates.
  • Specific temperature dependencies of solvent properties are key to observing LCST.
  • The findings offer insights into salt partitioning in these systems.