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[Hyperandrogenism, adrenal dysfunction, and hirsutism].

E Makrantonaki1,2,3, C C Zouboulis4

  • 1Hochschulklinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Immunologisches Zentrum, Städtisches Klinikum Dessau, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, 06847, Dessau, Deutschland. emakrantonaki@yahoo.com.

Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, Und Verwandte Gebiete
|August 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Hyperandrogenism involves excessive androgens, causing symptoms like hirsutism and acne. Diagnosis requires a thorough evaluation, and management includes antiandrogens and an interdisciplinary approach.

Keywords:
AcneAdrenogenital syndromeAlopeciaCushing diseasePolycystic ovary syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Dermatology
  • Gynecology

Background:

  • Hyperandrogenism, or hyperandrogenemia, is defined by excessive androgen levels.
  • Clinical signs include hirsutism, acne, alopecia, and virilization.
  • Common causes include Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Cushing disease, and adrenogenital syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the clinical manifestations, causes, and management of hyperandrogenism.
  • To highlight the diagnostic importance of hirsutism and other androgenic symptoms.
  • To emphasize the need for an interdisciplinary approach in diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical manifestations and diagnostic criteria for hyperandrogenism.
  • Identification of common and uncommon causes of hyperandrogenemia.
  • Overview of therapeutic strategies, including antiandrogen medications.

Main Results:

  • Hirsutism is the most common diagnostic criterion, assessed via a standardized scoring system.
  • Acne and alopecia can occur independently of hirsutism.
  • Virilization suggests an androgen-producing tumor and requires prompt investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Effective diagnosis and management of hyperandrogenism necessitate a comprehensive history, clinical examination, and collaboration between specialists.
  • Antiandrogens like cyproterone acetate, spironolactone, and flutamide are key in symptom management.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate therapeutic interventions and patient outcomes.