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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
06:46

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

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Approximate Target Pre-Cueing Reduces Programming Quiet Eye and Movement Preparation Time: Evidence for Parameter

Robert R Horn1, Jonathan D Marchetto2

  • 1Montclair State University.

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport
|August 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Target pre-cues impact quiet eye duration (QED) and movement preparation time (MPT). More precise cues shorten programming quiet eye (PQE), suggesting pre-programming occurs before the quiet eye phase.

Keywords:
Motor planningpre-cueingquiet eye

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Area of Science:

  • Motor control and cognitive neuroscience
  • Visual perception and attention
  • Human performance research

Background:

  • The quiet eye (QE) is a critical period in visuomotor tasks, potentially representing the sole window for movement parameter programming.
  • Understanding factors influencing QE duration is crucial for optimizing motor skill acquisition and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the precision of target pre-cues affects quiet eye duration (QED) and movement preparation time (MPT).
  • To determine if pre-cueing precision influences the programming and online phases of QE.
  • To explore the relationship between pre-cueing, pre-programming, and QE initiation.

Main Methods:

  • Sixteen participants performed a dart-throwing task with varying target pre-cue precision (full screen, half, quarter, sixteenth).
  • Dependent measures included programming and online QE duration, movement preparation time (MPT), and radial error.
  • Statistical analyses were employed to compare conditions.

Main Results:

  • Programming QE duration (PQE) was significantly shorter in the most precise (sixteenth) pre-cue condition compared to no cue.
  • Movement preparation time (MPT) was also significantly shorter in the sixteenth pre-cue condition versus no cue or half screen conditions.
  • No significant effects of pre-cueing were found on online QE duration or radial error.

Conclusions:

  • The results suggest that pre-cueing precision influences motor programming before the quiet eye phase, particularly when cues are highly specific.
  • Shorter PQE indicates that some pre-programming, possibly through inhibition, occurs when cues are sufficiently precise to enable it.
  • This challenges the notion that QE is the exclusive period for initial movement parameter programming.