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Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Quantification of the Potential Impact of Glyphosate-Based Products on Microbiomes
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Risk in the circular food economy: Glyphosate-based herbicide residues in manure fertilizers decrease crop yield.

Anne Muola1, Benjamin Fuchs1, Miika Laihonen1

  • 1Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.

The Science of the Total Environment
|August 29, 2020
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Summary

Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) in poultry manure negatively impact plant growth and reproduction. This study reveals how GBH residues in organic fertilizers pose unintended risks to ecosystems.

Keywords:
GrassHerbivoryPlant performancePoultry industryStrawberrySustainable crop production

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are widely used globally for weed control.
  • Residues of GBHs are increasingly detected in ecosystems, posing potential risks.
  • Genetically modified crops and conventional agriculture lead to GBH residues in animal feed, accumulating in manure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of unintentional glyphosate contamination from poultry manure on meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis) and strawberry (Fragaria x vescana).
  • To assess the impact of glyphosate residues in organic fertilizers on plant growth, reproduction, and herbivory.

Main Methods:

  • A common garden experiment was conducted using poultry manure containing glyphosate residues as fertilizer.
  • The study monitored plant growth, vegetative reproduction, sexual reproduction, and herbivory in meadow fescue and strawberry plants.
  • Analysis focused on the correlation between glyphosate presence and plant responses.

Main Results:

  • Glyphosate contamination in manure significantly decreased plant growth in both meadow fescue and strawberry.
  • Vegetative reproduction in strawberry (F. x vescana) was negatively affected by glyphosate.
  • Indirect effects were observed, with glyphosate residues positively correlating with plant size, potentially influencing sexual reproduction in F. pratensis and herbivory in F. x vescana.

Conclusions:

  • Glyphosate can be unintentionally disseminated into the environment through organic fertilizers like poultry manure.
  • The presence of glyphosate residues in fertilizers can counteract beneficial effects on plant growth and introduce unintended ecological consequences.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the complex impacts of herbicide residues in agricultural ecosystems.