Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 10, 2025
08:05
A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence
Published on: March 23, 2022
2.8K
Associations Between Parole, Probation, Arrest, and Self-reported Suicide Attempts
William C Bryson1,2, Jennifer Piel3,4, Stephen Thielke3,5
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. william.bryson@va.gov.
Community Mental Health Journal
|August 30, 2020
Summary
Recent arrests are linked to a higher risk of suicide attempts in adults. This finding highlights the need for increased screening and interventions for individuals with recent criminal justice involvement, particularly arrests.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Criminology
- Mental Health Research
Background:
- Criminal justice involvement is a significant public health concern.
- Understanding the specific risks associated with different types of criminal justice contact is crucial for targeted interventions.
- Previous research has not fully elucidated the distinct associations between arrest, parole, and probation and suicide attempts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the associations between recent community criminal justice (CJ) involvement (arrest, parole, probation) and suicide attempts.
- To account for the overlapping nature of these CJ involvement categories.
- To identify which specific types of CJ involvement are most strongly associated with increased suicide attempt risk.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from the 2008-2014 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).
- Inclusion of adults aged 18+ with self-reported suicide attempts in the past 12 months.
- Matched controls (no recent CJ involvement) were compared to participants with recent parole, probation, and/or arrest, using logistic regression to control for overlaps and covariates.
Main Results:
- The 12-month prevalence of suicide attempts was significantly higher for individuals with recent parole (3.2%), probation (2.7%), and arrest (3.3%) compared to matched controls (1.0%).
- After controlling for overlaps and covariates, only recent arrest remained significantly associated with suicide attempts (RR=1.80).
- Neither parole (RR=1.00) nor probation (RR=0.81) showed a significant association with suicide attempts in the adjusted models.
Conclusions:
- Recent arrest is a significant risk factor for suicide attempts among adults.
- Parole and probation, in this study's context, were not independently associated with increased suicide attempt risk after accounting for arrest and other factors.
- Findings suggest that recent arrest may serve as an indicator for elevated suicide risk, necessitating enhanced screening and intervention strategies within the criminal justice system.
More Related Videos
09:12The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
Published on: July 4, 2013
72.2K
09:55Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
Published on: March 8, 2018
12.9K
Related Concept Videos
02:05Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping
43.3K
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
43.3K
01:29Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
357
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
357
02:45Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.7K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.7K
01:22Self-Report Tests of Personality
640
Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
640
03:20The Stanford Prison Experiment
24.3K
The famous and controversial Stanford Prison Experiment, conducted by social psychologist Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues at Stanford University, demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and scripts.
24.3K
00:57Deindividuation
30.0K
Deindividuation is a form of social influence on an individual’s behavior such that the individual engages in unusual or non-normal behavior while in a group setting. Why? Because in these group settings, the individual no longer sees themselves as an individual anymore, disinhibiting their behavior and personal restraint.
30.0K