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Trapeziometacarpal prosthesis: an updated systematic review.

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  • 1Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Service d'Orthopédie et de Traumatologie de l'Appareil Locomoteur, Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.

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Summary

Trapeziometacarpal prostheses offer fast pain and function recovery for thumb osteoarthritis. However, strength gains are limited, and revision rates are high, necessitating further research.

Keywords:
Prothèse trapézo-métacarpienneRhizarthroseThumb osteoarthritisTrapeziometacarpal prosthesis

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomaterials science

Background:

  • Trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint osteoarthritis is a common condition affecting thumb function.
  • TMC prostheses are utilized in Europe, with purported benefits including length restoration, improved strength, function, and mobility, alongside reduced recovery times.
  • Previous literature reviews have not consistently validated these assumed benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct an updated systematic review and statistical analysis of TMC prostheses for thumb osteoarthritis.
  • To quantify the efficacy and complication rates, specifically failure (revision) and deep infection.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed on the Medline database using specific inclusion criteria.
  • Data extraction included patient-reported outcomes (pain, function, strength) and complication rates (failure, infection).
  • Statistical analysis was employed to synthesize the compiled data.

Main Results:

  • Patients experienced rapid improvement in pain and function post-implantation.
  • The positive impact on thumb strength appeared limited.
  • The study identified a high failure rate (revision rate) but a low deep infection rate.

Conclusions:

  • While TMC prostheses facilitate quick pain and functional recovery, their effect on strength is questionable.
  • High revision rates indicate significant long-term concerns.
  • Further randomized controlled trials are essential to reliably compare TMC prostheses with alternative surgical treatments for thumb osteoarthritis.